J. B. Nelson Family
Medical Data Base
Ironwood, MI   49928

This page is for members of the family to be familiar with other members of the family relative to similarities in heredity medical illnesses.  All information is voluntary and can be changed on request. 

 Directory of Nelson Related Websites.

Reunions John B. Nelson Family from Ironwood, MI www.JBNelsonFamily.com 
 Phil and Elvera Nelson 7 Slide Shows &  5 Funeral Videos www.JBNelsonFamily.com/PhilElveraNelson/IronwoodMichigan.html
Nelson Family Video Favorites  www.JBNelsonFamily.com\WhiteElephant\PhotoMemories.html
Nelson Family Reunion White Elephant Game Photos www.JBNelsonFamily.com/Video/Favorites.html
Nelson Medical Data Base How are your related to your medical problems.    http://www.JBNelsonFamily.com/Medical-History/Data-Base.html
Brian Nelson's Trigeminal and Parotid Gland Cancer Journal  www.IAmFightingCancer.com

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Directory of Video Sites
Blue Box 1 Scan Below

Click Brian Nelson's www.PartyTentCity.com for party tents, canopies and awnings. Today's Sale 26'x40' Tarp.   Silver. Regular price is $104.00. With this ad it is on sale for only $88.00. Shipping is $15. No charge for shipping if tarp is picked up at  31 Gessner Rd.  in Houston, TX  77024  Use PayPal to Brian@NelsonIdeas.com or Call Brian 713-467-3025.  
 Blue Box 1 Contact Brian at 31 Gessner Rd. Houston, TX  77024 Tel. 713-467-3025 Cell 713-927-4479 Click: E-mail me 
 www.IamFightingCancer.com   Bookmark this page now!   Anything Internet   
 http://www.NelsonIdeas.com/Directory-All-Websites/Alphabetical.html

  09/24/2009 02:35 PM -0500
 

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 Directory of Sites
 Blue Box 2  Brian Nelson

 Do you need a party tent of white or silver tarp? Go to www.PartyTentCity.com or to see all my links go to:  http://www.PartyTentCity.com/PTC/Websites.html

Today's  special sale: Business is slow. Call me right now while this include page is up and get a 23% discount off any www.PartyTentCity.com  order.  No charge for shipping if picked up at  31 Gessner Rd.  in Houston, TX  77024 Use PayPal to Brian@NelsonIdeas.com or Call Brian 713-467-3025. http://www.NelsonIdeas.com/Directory-All-Websites/Alphabetical.html
 Blue Box 2  Bookmark this page now!  
 Contact Brian at 31 Gessner Rd. Houston, TX  77024 Tel. 713-467-3025 Cell 713-927-4479 Click: E-mail me 
 www.IamFightingCancer.com   
 

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You are at: http://www.JBNelsonFamily.com/Medical-History/Data-Base.html    ud 08/28/2009 06:34 PM -0500  Bookmark this page now!

 Click: www.NelsonIdeas.com  for a directory of all my websites
 Brian Nelson. Owner
 31 Gessner Rd. ,  Houston, TX 77024
713-467-3025  Fax 713-467-3192
 Click: E-mail me

Misspelled words used to find this page 1 of 5.The important words found on this site include:
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Hi,
I hope the information on this compendium website will be helpful. It is collected from around  the internet.  I  can not guarantee its accuracy.  It is quoted from others. Check your doctor, lawyer or investment advisor before making any new decisions from my  websites. This data  will give you something to help you get started.  If you have additional information on this topic send it to me by e-mail. Click Here. I will add it for others  to see.

 If you have serious feelings or knowledge about ANY SUBJECT  then "MAKE A DIFFERENCE IN THE WORLD" by writing about it. " Publish or Perish!"  
I will put it one of  my internet  directories.  You will be heard.  It is  free! Brian Nelson  713-467-3025.

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What is hereditary colon cancer?

Approximately 5% of all colon (large bowel) cancers are directly caused by inherited genetic abnormalities. These hereditary colon cancers often feature colonic polyps or growths that eventually become cancerous. There are several kinds, including familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and a variant called Gardner's syndrome. Another type, hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC), features few if any polyps. Relatively rare hereditary conditions such as Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and juvenile polyposis are not cancer or precancerous conditions but confer on the patient a greater than normal risk of developing colon cancer. Many families with higher than normal rates of colon cancer have one or more of these conditions. While non-hereditary ("sporadic") colon cancer rarely occurs before age 40, hereditary colon cancers often occur in younger people.

Experts in hereditary colon cancers strongly recommend that people with unusually high rates of colon cancers in their families be surveyed regularly for cancerous growths, even if they have no symptoms. Colonoscopy is the most effective and most widely used method of surveillance for hereditary colon cancers. In colonoscopy, a narrow flexible tube is inserted into the colon through the rectum. At the end of the tube is a tiny light and video camera which allows the physician to see the inside of the colon.
Colonic polyps, or adenomas, are relatively easy to diagnose by colonoscopy. FAP and Gardner's syndrome are characterized by hundreds, even thousands, of polyps. If the disease is caught in the precancerous stage, cancer can be prevented by removing the colon surgically. If the disease has progressed to the cancerous stages, surgery may or may not be an effective treatment. In families known to carry a gene for one of these diseases, surveillance for polyps should begin at age 10 to 12.

Although HNPCC usually does not feature the highly conspicuous polyps, it too is best detected with colonoscopy. One type, Lynch syndrome I, begins at a young age, is more likely to be in the proximal (upper, or right) colon, and is often accompanied by other colon tumors. Lynch syndrome II has all of these features and is also often accompanied by cancers outside the colon, especially in the endometrium (the lining of the uterus) and the ovaries. HNPCC may also be associated with cancers of the stomach, small bowel, pancreas, urinary tract, or larynx in some families. In families known to be affected by HNPCC, regular surveillance with colonoscopy should begin at about age 25.

Many clinics, hospitals, and cancer centers that treat people with hereditary colon cancer maintain registries. A registry is a list of families known to be affected by a particular genetic disease. These lists help identify all the family members who might carry the disease and should be surveyed. Registries and regular surveillance help save lives by prevention and early detection of hereditary colon cancers.

 Unlike patients who are carriers of well-recognized genetic mutations like BRCA1 or BRCA2, these women do not have any evidence of genetic alterations that would increase the risk of breast cancer. The increased breast cancer risk in this group of women may be related to a group of genes rather than a single gene mutation. These genetic alterations as a group may have increased predisposition to development of breast cancer. It is also difficult to separate environmental factors in these patients. The role of environmental factors is difficult to quantify in this situation and how much of this increased risk is caused by common environmental factors is difficult to judge. If a woman, say Miss A has a first degree relative (mother, daughter, or sister) with diagnosis of breast cancer, the risk of Miss A developing breast cancer is 1.7 times higher (called relative risk) compared to the general population. If that first-degree relative of Miss A had developed breast cancer prior to the menopause, the relative risk for Miss A would be 3 fold. On the other hand if that relative had breast cancer after menopause, the relative risk for Miss A would be 1.5 fold. If that relative had developed bilateral breast cancer then the relative risk for Miss A would be 5 fold higher. Again if that relative who developed bilateral breast cancer had developed the breast cancer prior to menopause, the relative risk for Miss A would be 9 fold higher. You can see here complex factors playing roles to increase the risk of breast cancer.

A similar situation is present in colon cancer as well, there are specific identifiable genetic mutations that gives rise to very high risks of developing colon cancer. Mutation in the APC gene is a noted example. If a person carries this mutation that person has close to 100% risk of developing colon cancer in the late adulthood. This gene is transmitted in an autosomal dominant model, which means that any offspring of the carrier has a 50% risk of inheriting this mutation and subsequent increased risk of colon cancer. As with breast cancer most cases of colon cancer are not related genes that could be tested. Colon cancer diagnosis in a person would increase the risk of colon cancer development in his close relatives. Again as mentioned above this is not the result of a single genetic abnormality that is inherited, but is really due to interaction of a group of genes and various environmental factors common to the family like eating habits and food preferences.

Most of the familial cancers are multi-factorial and most of the time there are no demonstrable genetic markers or patterns. A small percentage of the cancers can be truly genetic with identifiable genetic markers. The pattern of familial clustering is more in some cancer like breast cancer, colon cancer, and ovarian caner but less in many other types of cancers like lung cancer, prostate cancer, and esophageal cancer.

The following is a list of identified familial genetic syndromes associated with a single genetic abnormality. Please not that this is not a comprehensive list of all known disorders.

Autosomal dominant disorders
 
BRCA1: Breast cancer BRCA2: Breast cancer
APC: Colon cancer HNPCC: Colon cancer
CDKN2: Melanoma  
Basal cell nevus syndrome Neurofibromatosis type 2
Carney syndrome Osteochondromatosis, multiple
Chordoma, familial Paraganglioma, familial
Cowden syndrome Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Esophageal cancer with tylosis Prostate cancer
Gastric cancer, familial Renal cancer, familial
Li-Fraumeni syndrome Retinoblastoma
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 Tuberous sclerosis
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 von Hippel-Lindau disease
Neurofibromatosis type 1 Wilms' tumor


Autosomal recessive disorders
 

Ataxia-telangiectasia Rothmund-Thomson syndrome
Bloom syndrome Xeroderma pigmentosa
Werner's syndrome Fanconi's anemia
 
Breast Cancer Information

Many cancers run in the families and the immediate relatives (siblings, parents, and children) of patients with cancers often have an increased risk of cancers. I will try to explain this with the help of specific examples to make it more easily understandable.

Breast cancer is an example in which immediate relatives may have a higher risk of breast cancer or other types of cancers. Sometimes the increased risk may be due to a genetic mutation. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are examples of genetic mutation that gives rise to increased risk of breast cancer. Women who have this mutation have about 60% lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. Women with these mutations also have significantly higher risk of developing ovarian cancer. This mutation is genetically transmitted to off springs in an autosomal dominant model. This means that son or daughter of BRCA mutation carrier has 50% risk of acquiring the mutation. It is to be noted that only about 5% breast cancers belong to this category where a specific genetic mutation can be identified. Apart from identifiable genetic mutation that increases the risk of breast cancer, presence of a family member with breast cancer would increase the risk of development of breast cancer in a woman.

Cancer: Hereditary Cancers
Understanding Your Genetic Cancer Risk  

Your genes may put you at a higher risk for developing certain cancers, including breast, ovarian, uterine and colorectal. Talking to your family members about their medical history and taking our genetic risk self-tests are the first steps to identifying possible hereditary cancer risk.

If you have one or more hereditary risk factors, talk to your doctor about genetic counseling and testing. MidMichigan Health’s Pardee Cancer Center offers genetic counseling and testing services in affiliation with the Barabara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute.

Facts About Genetic Cancers

  • Between 5 percent and 10 percent of breast cancer cases in North America may have genetic influences.
  • 10 percent of ovarian cancer is hereditary.
  • Two specific genes, designated as BRCA1 and BRCA2, account for 85 percent of hereditary breast and ovarian cancers.
  • Approximately 5 percent to 10 percent of colorectal and uterine cancers are thought to be hereditary.
  • Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is responsible for 3 percent to 5 percent of all colorectal cancers. It is the most common form of hereditary colorectal cancer. HNPCC also indicates an increased risk for developing uterine, stomach and skin cancers.
  • Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is the second-most-common hereditary medical condition and puts you at serious risk for developing colorectal cancer. If either of your parents has FAP, you have a 50 percent chance of inheriting the altered gene.

How Testing Can Benefit You

By exploring your risks through genetic counseling and testing, you could save your life – and quite possibly the lives of family members.
Testing can help you:

  • Gain reassurance by having a plan for surveillance and prevention if you are at risk
  • Know whether you need to consider medical options that may decrease your risks
  • Avoid unnecessary interventions for family members who did not inherit the altered gene
  • Explain the underlying cause of cancer in yourself or family members
 

The Role of Genes
Everyone has some chance of developing cancer. Most cancer cases occur sporadically or by chance. However, some people may develop cancer due to alterations in hereditary factors called genes. Hereditary cancer is the development of cancer due to an inherited gene mutation (changes in a specific gene) that has been passed from a parent to a child upon conception. If a person has inherited such a gene mutation, he or she has inherited an increased risk to develop cancer in their lifetime, which is higher than the cancer risk of someone in the general population.

Over the past decade, scientists have discovered specific genes that can contribute to the development of hereditary breast, ovarian, colorectal, and other less common cancers. Genetic testing is now available for some of these types of hereditary cancers. People who are interested in learning whether or not they have an increased likelihood of developing certain cancers or whether they inherited a gene that contributed to their own or a family member's cancer should consult with a specialist with experience in the area of hereditary cancer, cancer risk assessment, and genetic counseling and testing.

Genetic Counseling

Genetic counseling involves a discussion of your personal and/or family history of cancer. Genetic counselors will simplify complex scientific concepts into terms you can understand. The goal of cancer genetic counseling is to provide clear and clinically relevant information about genetic risk factors in an atmosphere of support and education.

Genetic counseling is typically recommended for individuals or families with multiple cases of cancer diagnosed at unusually young ages.

Genetic Testing

Genetic testing involves the use of laboratory methods to obtain a more precise estimate of your cancer risk. Although a cancer risk assessment can be provided without genetic testing, in some cases testing may help you and your physician make important decisions about your medical care. Deciding whether or not to undergo genetic testing is a personal choice that can be made at the time of the counseling session or at a future date.

Genetic counseling does not require genetic testing. Genetic testing may not be useful for everyone receiving genetic counseling.

 

You are at: http://www.JBNelsonFamily.com/Medical-History/Data-Base.html    ud 08/28/2009 06:34 PM -0500  Bookmark this page now!